제품특징
STEMdiff™ Ventral Forebrain Organoid Differentiation Kit는 matrix embedding 없이 hPSC로부터 3D의 패턴화된 brain organoid의 생성을 위한 제품입니다. 이 제품은 오가노이드의 융합을 방지하기 위해 AggreWell™과 함께 사용하며, 키트장 500개 이상의 오가노이드 생성 가능한 무혈청 (Serum-free) 배양 배지 입니다.
Advantages
- 무융합 (fusion-free) 성장을 위한 시스템으로 media 낭비 감소
- 계통과 개별 오가노이드 간의 높은 재현성
- AggreWell™800과 함께 사용으로 키트당 500개 이상의 오가노이드 생성
- Matrix가 없는 프로토콜의 사용
- 신경 독성 (neurotoxicity) 및 신경 퇴행 (neurodegenerative) 모델에 대한 장기 배양 및 감소된 caspase-3 발현
- 질병 모델링 및 재생 응용 application을 위한 assembloids 가능
General Workflow
Figure 1. Schematic for the STEMdiff™ Ventral Forebrain Organoid Differentiation Kit
Human ES or iPS cell-derived ventral forebrain organoids can be generated in 43 days. Embryoid bodies can be created in 6 days with AggreWell™800 plates. The EBs are then cultured in suspension, allowing growth and subsequent patterning to the ventral forebrain. For the long-term maintenance and further maturation of ventral forebrain organoids, see the PIS.
균질한 오가노이드 생성
Figure 2. STEMdiff™ Ventral Forebrain Organoid Differentiation Kit Supports the Generation of Homogeneous Organoids
(A) Neural aggregates formed in AggreWell™800 microwell plates exhibit uniform size and shape at day 6. H9-derived ventral forebrain organoids from a single batch have spherical morphology at days (B) 15 (C) 25 (D) 50 (E) 75 and (F) 100. Scale bar = 1 mm. (G) Ventral forebrain organoids exhibit homogeneous size over multiple cell lines (average ± SD, using 11 cell lines with 3 - 5 organoids counted per cell line and time point).
원치 않는 오가노이드의 융합 감소
Figure 3. STEMdiff™ Dorsal and Ventral Forebrain Organoid Differentiation Kits Reduce Unwanted Organoid Fusion
Whole-well images of dorsal forebrain organoid cultures derived from the H9 cell line in STEMdiff™ Forebrain Organoid Expansion Medium (bottom row) vs. the control published formulation (top row) show the extent of fusion typical in control media without orbital shaking. At Day 10 post-seeding in the control formulation, 12/12 organoids that were seeded are developing, but by Day 20 a single, larger organoid can be seen in the well. In STEMdiff™ Forebrain Organoid Expansion Medium, 20/20 seeded organoids are developing and 20/20 are still developing at Day 20 without shaking. While organoids in both culture conditions grow larger between 10 and 20 days, the reduction in organoids and enlarged size in the control formulation suggest a reduction in organoid yield due to organoid fusion.
뇌 영역의 특이적 마커 발현
Figure 4. Ventral Forebrain Organoids Exhibit Brain-Region-Specific Marker Expression as They Mature
(A) Ventral forebrain organoids at day 25 exhibit a high level of expression of NKX2.1 (magenta; DAPI, gray). (B) NKX2.1-positive neurons (magenta; DAPI, cyan) are plentiful by Day 50 (DAPI, cyan), but Somatostatin-positive GABAergic interneurons (SST, green) are rare. (C) By day 75, SST-positive interneurons (green; NKX2.1, magenta) are observable.
뇌 영역의 핵심 마커들의 확인
Figure 5. Neural Organoids Generated with STEMdiff™ Dorsal and Ventral Forebrain Organoid Kits Express Key Markers of Brain-Region-Specific Patterning
RNA from single organoids was harvested at a series of time points and subsequently assayed using bulk RNA-seq (1 data column = 1 organoid). (A) Heat map of select genes shows that dorsal forebrain organoids (DFO) express increasing levels of cortex- and glutaminergic neuron-specific genes from day 25 to 75. (B) Day 25 ventral forebrain organoids (VFO) exhibit high expression of markers of the medial ganglionic eminence and of GABAergic neurons. Heat map scale quantifies gene expression across each row with a normalized z-score for each gene.
Dorsal과 Ventral Forebain 오가노이드의 다른 Early Network Bursting Activity 확인 가능
Figure 6. Dorsal Forebrain Organoids, Not Ventral Forebrain Organoids, Display Early Network Bursting Activity
Day 50 dorsal and ventral forebrain organoids were plated on a microelectrode array (MEA; CytoView MEA 96, Axion Biosystems) coated with 0.1% polyethyleneimine in borate buffer and 20 µg/mL CellAdhere™ Laminin-521. Activity from 8 electrodes per well was recorded once per week for 4 weeks using a Maestro MEA system (Axion Biosystems). (A) Representative bright field image of dorsal and ventral forebrain organoids on the MEA. Insets show representative spike rate heat maps for the corresponding well (red = 12 spikes/sec). Scale bar = 1 mm. (B) Raster plots of spike activity show increasing network bursting (pink lines) for dorsal forebrain organoids between week 1 and week 4, whereas no network bursting is observed in the ventral forebrain organoid (lower panels) over the same time period. (C) Mean firing rate (average ± SEM; 3 - 6 organoids per time point) increases for dorsal forebrain organoids but not ventral forebrain organoids over 4 weeks of measurements.